Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Kemampuan Intelektual dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai
Abstract
The study tested the leadership variable, intellectual ability and work environment on employee performance at the Tanah Jawa District Office, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra, which amounted to 32 employee. The study used quantitative and qualitative methods . The results showed that the questionnaire data instrument items were declared valid and reliable. The regression equation produces a positive correlation between the variables of leadership, intellectual ability and work environment on employee performance with the work environment variable having the greatest relationship to employee performance. Partially (t test) shows leadership has a significant influence on employee performance, intellectual ability has a significant influence on employee performance, work environment has a significant influence on employee performance. Simultaneously the variables of leadership, intellectual ability and work environment have a positive and significant influence on performance This shows that leadership, intellectual ability and work environment when running well in an organization and being able to become a carrying capacity for employees will have a positive impact on employee performance.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aalateeg, S. 2017, Literature review of Leadership Theories. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) 19(11), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78756-259-220181003.
Abeid, A. H. 2015. Investigation of workplace environment: The case of selected micro and small manufacturing enterprises in Tanzania. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 4(6), 827–832. https://www.ijert.org/research/investigation-of-workplace-environment-the-case-of-selected-micro-and-small-manufacturing-enterprises-in-tanzania-IJERTV4IS060373.pdf
Ajala, E. M. 2012. The Influence Of Workplace Environment On Workers’ Welfare, Performance And Productivity. Journal of the African Educational Research Network, 12(1), 141–149. http://80.240.30.238/bitstream/123456789/2952/1/%2821%29ui_art_ajala_influence_2012.pdf
Al Khajeh, E. H. 2018. Leadership Styles on Organizational Performance. Journal of Human Reseources Management Research, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5171/2018.687849
Almatrooshi, B., Singh, S. K., & Farouk, S. 2016. Determinants of organizational performance: a proposed framework. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 65(6), 844–859. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-02-2016-0038
Andersen, J. A. 2016. An Old Man and The Sea of Leadership. Journal of Leadership Studies, 9(4), 70–81. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21422
Arifin, A. 2020. Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Kerja Sama Tim terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dan Kinerja Karyawan. Kinerja: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 17(2), 186–193. http://journal.feb.unmul.ac.id/index.php/KINERJA
Aristarini, L., Kirya, I. K., & Yulianthini, N. N. 2014. Pengaruh Pengalaman Kerja, Kompetensi Sosial Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Bagian Pemasaran Pt Adira Finance Singaraja. E-Journal Bisma Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, 2(1), 1–9. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JMI/article/view/3379
Asnawi, K. 2020. Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Motivasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Pt. Pratama Abadi Industri Sukabumi (Studi Pada Divisi Quality Control). Jurnal Mahasiswa Manajemen, 1(3), 1–20. https://journal.stiepasim.ac.id/index.php/JMM/article/view/99
Asrar-ul-Haq, M., & Kuchinke, K. P. 2016. Impact of leadership styles on employees’ attitude towards their leader and performance: Empirical evidence from Pakistani banks. Future Business Journal, 2(1), 54–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbj.2016.05.002
Bahagia, R., & Astuti, R. 2021. Analysis Of Factors That Affect Employee Performance. Journal of International Conference Proceedings (JICP), 4(1), 359–364. https://ejournal.aibpm.org/index.php/JICP/article/view/698/686
Butarbutar, M., Efendi, Simatupang, S., & Sianturi, M. 2021. Pengaruh Etos Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Yayaysan Sari Asih Nusantara Pematangsiantar. Maker: Jurnal Manajemen, 7(May), 116–124. http://www.maker.ac.id/index.php/maker
Cass, J. 2019. How to Be a Leader, Not a Boss: 5 Secrets. Https://Justcreative.Com. https://justcreative.com/how-to-be-a-leader-not-a-boss/
Chaniago, H. 2020. the Effects of Entrepreneurial Personality To Competitiveness and Corporate Image: a Study on Chocolate Agent Entrepreneurs. International Review of Management and Marketing, 10(2), 21–29. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.9262
Damanik, B. E. 2018. Pengaruh Kemampuan Intelektual Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru. Idaarah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, 2(2), 143. https://doi.org/10.24252/idaarah.v2i2.6356
De Jong, J. P. J., & Den Hartog, D. N. 2007. How leaders influence employees’ innovative behaviour. European Journal of Innovation Management, 10(1), 41–64. https://doi.org/10.1108/14601060710720546
Diab, S. M., & Ajlouni, M. T. 2015. The Influence of Training on Employee’s Performance, Organizational Commitment, and Quality of Medical Services at Jordanian Private Hospitals. International Journal of Business and Management, 10(2), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v10n2p117
Efawati, Y. 2020. The Influence of Working Conditions, Workability and Leadership on Employee Performance. 8 International Journal Administration, Business and Organization (IJABO), 1(3), 8–15. https://ijabo.a3i.or.id
Eisingerich, A. B., & Rubera, G. 2010. Drivers of Brand Commitment: A Cross-National Investigation. Journal of International Marketing, 18(2), 64–79. https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.18.2.64
Eka, A. F., Sunaryo, H., & ABS, M. K. 2017. Pengaruh Kerjasama Tim Dan Kreativitas Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Ud. Agro Inti Sejahtera Jember. Riset Manajemen, 1, 13.
Ekhsan, M., & Aziz, A. 2021. Servant Leadership and Employee Performance : Does Organizational Commitment Mediate in the Model ? The First International Conference on Government Education Management and Tourism (ICoGEMT), 1(1), 373–382. http://conference.loupiasconference.org/index.php/ICoGEMT/article/view/177
Fajriah, Y., Muis, N., Yanti, R., & Halim, A. 2021. The Influence of Motivation and Work Experience on Employee Productivity. Jurnal Economic Resources, 4(1), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.26858/pdr.v1i1.20538
Farisa, F. C. 2021. Kisah Hidup Dudung Abdurachman, dari Loper Koran hingga Jadi Pangkostrad. Https://Nasional.Kompas.Com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2021/05/26/10130741/kisah-hidup-dudung-abdurachman-dari-loper-koran-hingga-jadi-pangkostrad?page=all
Grace, E., Girsang, R. M., & Simatupang, S. 2021. Dampak Dari Etos Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pt. Karya Bhakti Manunggal. Jurnal Media Bina Ilmiah, 15(11), 5841–5848. http://ejurnal.binawakya.or.id/index.php/MBI/article/view/1209
Half, R. 2019. Half Of Workers Surveyed Have Quit Due To A Bad Boss. Https://Rh-Us.Mediaroom.Com. https://rh-us.mediaroom.com/2019-10-08-Half-Of-Workers-Surveyed-Have-Quit-Due-To-A-Bad-Boss
Hao, M. J., & Yazdanifard, R. 2015. How Effective Leadership can Facilitate Change in Organizations through Improvement and Innovation. Global Journal of Management and Business Research: A Administration and Management, 15(9), 0–6. https://journalofbusiness.org/index.php/GJMBR/article/view/1737/1639
Hasanah, S. Q., Suwono, S., & Santoso, B. 2018. Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Karakteristik Individu Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Mitratani Dua Tujuh Jember. Jsmbi ( Jurnal Sains Manajemen Dan Bisnis Indonesia ), 8(1), 77–93.
Hasibuan, M. R. 2021. Pengaruh Karakteristik Perusahaan Terhadap Pengungkapan Sosial (Sosial Disclosures) Dalam Laporan Tahunan Emiten Di Bursa Efek Jakarta dan Bursa Efek Surabaya. [Universitas Diponegoro]. http://eprints.undip.ac.id/9103/
Heizer, J., & Render, B. 2014. Manajemen Operasi: Manajemen Keberlangsungan dan Rantai Pasokan. Salemba Empat.
Hughes, J. 2007. Employee Productivity. Https://Hughesmarino.Com. https://hughesmarino.com/san-diego/blog/2007/07/02/office-design-is-key-to-employee-productivity/
Humaeriah, H., & Anggitasari, S. R. 2015. Pengaruh Kemampuan Intelektual dan Kemampuan Fisik Pegawai terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di Kantor Pusat Disnakertans Provinsi Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen & Bisnis, 6(1), 11–20. http://garuda.ristekbrin.go.id/documents/detail/799697
Impiansi, R. C., & Endratno, H. 2014. Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional, Komunikasi, Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Negeri Pada Kantor Pelayanan Publik Di Kabupaten Purbalingga. Media Ekonomi, 14(2), 77. https://doi.org/10.30595/medek.v14i2.1294
Jariah, A. 2011. Analisis Kemampuan Intelektual dan Motivasi terhadap Kinerja Dosen. WIGA: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Ekonomi, 2(2), 88–101. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30741/wiga.v1i2.53
Lestary, L., & Harmon, H. 2017. Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Riset Bisnis Dan Investasi, 3(2), 94–103. https://doi.org/10.35697/jrbi.v3i2.937
Liah, K. W. 2016. Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Di Kantor Kecamatan Balikpapan Utara Kota Balikpapan. Ejournal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 4(4), 1741–1750. https://ejournal.ip.fisip-unmul.ac.id/site/?p=2179
Lok, P., & Crawford, J. 2004. The effect of organisational culture and leadership style on job satisfaction and organisational commitment: A cross-national comparison. Journal of Management Development, 23(4), 321–338. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710410529785
Lombardo, J. 2021. Individual Intellectual & Physical Abilities in Organizational Behavior. Https://Study.Com. https://study.com/academy/lesson/individual-intellectual-physical-abilities-in-organizational-behavior.html
Lombardo, J. 2022. Individual Intellectual & Physical Abilities in Organizational Behavior. Https://Study.Com. https://study.com/academy/lesson/individual-intellectual-physical-abilities-in-organizational-behavior.html
Lussier, R. N., & Achua, C. F. 2015. Leadership: Theory, Application, & Skill Development. Cengage Learning, Inc.
Madjir, S. 2016. Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Motivasi Dan Kemampuan Intelektual Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Kantor Wilayah Badan Pertanahan Nasional Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Kompetitif, 3(1), 1–23. http://www.univ-tridinanti.ac.id/ejournal/index.php/ekonomi/article/view/123
Marwansyah. 2019. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (Cetakan ke). Alfabeta.
Pakpahan, M., Hardianawati, & Suwarlan. 2021. Servant Leadership and Performance Employee: The Mediating Effect of Organizational Commitment. Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Social Science (ICONETOS 2020), 529(Iconetos 2020), 884–892. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210421.127
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 30 Tentang Penilaian Kinerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil, 2019.
Punnett, B. J. 2013. International Perspectives on Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management (3rd ed.). Taylor & Francis, Ltd. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315703305
Quinlan, M., Mayhew, C., & Bohle, P. 2001. The global expansion of precarious employment, work disorganization, and consequences for occupational health: A review of recent research. International Journal of Health Services, 31(2), 335–414. https://doi.org/10.2190/607H-TTV0-QCN6-YLT4
Raziq, A., & Maulabakhsh, R. 2015. Impact of Working Environment on Job Satisfaction. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23(May 2016), 717–725. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)00524-9
Richardoselang, B. B., Musseng, A., & Nurfaidah. 2020. Analisis Kemampuan Intelektual Dan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Puskesmas Bara-Baraya. MM Journal, 1(1), 90–94. http://ojs.stkip-ypup.ac.id/index.php/MM/article/view/200/181
Ritonga, T. E. J., & Tarigan, U. 2015. Pengaruh Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Kantor Sub.Dolog Wil.IV Padangsidimpuan (Studi Pada Kantor Sub.Dolog Wil.IV Padangsidimpuan). Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 3(1), 79–92. https://ojs.uma.ac.id/index.php/adminpublik/article/view/1072
Rumengan, L. T., & Mekel, P. A. 2015. Analisis Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Unsrat Manado. Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 3(1), 890–899.
Samosir, R., Lie, D., Butarbutar, M., & Thressa, S. I. 2018. Pengaruh Kemampuan Intelektual Dan Etos Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Kantor Pelayanan Kekayaan Negara Dan Lelang Pematangsiantar. SULTANIST: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Keuangan, 4(2), 30–40. https://doi.org/10.37403/sultanist.v4i2.71
Saragih, S. M., Lie, D., Butarbutar, M., & Julyanthry. 2018. Pengaruh Kemampuan Intelektual Dan Etos Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada PT Bprs Amanah Bangsa Pematangsiantar. Maker: Jurnal Manajemen, 4(2), 82–92. https://doi.org/10.37403/sultanist.v4i2.71
Sarwar, G., Cavaliere, L. P. L., Ammar, K., & Afzal, F. U. 2021. The impact of servant leadership on employee performance. International Journal of Management (IJM), 12(5), 165–173. https://doi.org/10.34218/IJM.12.5.2021.014
Schooley, S. 2019. Are You a True Leader or Just a Boss? Https://Www.Businessnewsdaily.Com. https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/1404-characteristics-good-boss.html
Shahzadi, I., Javed, A., Pirzada, S. S., Nasreen, S., & Khanam, F. 2014. Impact of Employee Motivation on Employee Performance. European Journal of Business and ManagementOnline), 6(23), 2222–2839.
Siagian, F. 2020. Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Tenaga Kependidikan di Akademi Maritim Cirebon. Jurnal Kependidikan: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Dan Kajian Kepustakaan Di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran, 6(2), 259. https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v6i2.2581
Sihaloho, R. D., & Siregar, H. 2019. Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT Super Setia Sagita Medan. Jurnal Ilmiah Socio Secretum, 9(2), 273–281. https://jurnal.darmaagung.ac.id/index.php/socio/article/view/413/406
Simatupang, S., Butarbutar, N., & Candra, V. 2021. Disiplin Kerja, Karakteristik Individu dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai. Jurnal Manajemen (Edisi Elektronik) Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor, 12(2), 115–131. https://doi.org/10.32832/jm-uika.
Simatupang, S., & Efendi. 2020. Kecerdasan Emosional Serta Dampaknya Untuk Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Dan Penataan Ruang Kota Pematangsiantar. Jurnal Manajemen ( Edisi Elektronik) Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor, 11(2), 152–161. https://doi.org/10.32832/jm-uika.
Simatupang, S., Sisca, & Chandra Erbin. 2020. Komitmen Organisasional Serta Implikasinya Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT Karyabhakti Manunggal. Media Bina Ilmiah, 15(2), 4041–4044. http://ejurnal.binawakya.or.id/index.php/MBI/article/view/701
Sinabariba, W. J., Raja, P. L., & Salim, S. R. A. 2018. Analysis of influence of intellectual ability, communication skill and work experience O competency and their impact on employee work performance at Pt Bank Sumut, Branch of Simpang Kwala, Medan. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 7(11), 22–30. jstr.org/final-print/nov2018/Analysis-Of-Influence-Of-Intellectual-Ability-Communication-Skill-And-Work-Experience-O-Competency-And-Their-Impact-On-Employee-Work-Performance-At-Pt-Bank-Sumut-Branch-Of-Simpang-Kwala-Medan.pdf
Situmeang, B. S., Lie, D., Butarbutar, M., & Simatupang, S. 2018. Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Kantor Pelayanan Kekayaan Negara Dan Lelang Pematangsiantar. Maker: Jurnal Manajemen, 4(1), 64–73. https://www.maker.ac.id/index.php/maker/article/view/90/91
Sodexo. 2020. Memahami Aspek Lingkungan Kerja dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Https://Www.Sodexo.Co.Id. https://www.sodexo.co.id/aspek-lingkungan-kerja-pengaruhnya-terhadap-kinerja-karyawan
Sugiono. 2019. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (Cetakan-1). Alfabeta.
Suparman, D. 2020. Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Pengetahua dan Beban Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di CV. Perdana Mulia Desa Caringin Kulon Kecamatan Caringin Kabupaten Sukabumi. Jurnal Ekonomedia, 09(02), 21–36. https://jurnal.stiepasim.ac.id/index.php/ekonomedia/article/view/120
Surianti, Syarifuddin, A., & Iqbal. 2020. Pengaruh kepemimpinan dan motivasi kerja terhadap prestasi kerja pegawai pada kantor dinas pendidikan kota makassar. MM Journal, 1(1), 1–7. http://ojs.stkip-ypup.ac.id/index.php/MM/article/view/188
Susanto, Y., Haryono, S., & Sardiyo. 2019. The effect of leadership and compensation on employee performance: evaluating the role of work motivation. Talent Development & Excellence, 12(2s), 2439–2449. http://www.iratde.com
Triyoga, H. 2021. JK: Jadi Pemimpin Hati-hati, Bisa Diikuti tapi Bisa Juga Dikritik. Https://Www.Viva.Co.Id. https://www.viva.co.id/berita/politik/1430521-jk-jadi-pemimpin-hati-hati-bisa-diikuti-tapi-bisa-juga-dikritik
Văcar, A., & Miricescu, D. 2013. Leadership – A Key Factor to a Succesful Organization – Part II. Procedia Economics and Finance, 6(13), 430–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(13)00159-7
Widhiastana, N. D., Wardana, M., & Sudibya, I. G. A. 2017. Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Dan Penghargaan Terhadap Kreativitas Dan Kinerja Pegawai Di Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha. E-Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana, 6(1), 223–250. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/EEB/article/view/23706
Wijaya, A., & Suhaji. 2015. Pengaruh Kemampuan Dan Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Kajian Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 1(1), 1–17. http://103.28.220.26/index.php?ref=browse&mod=viewarticle&article=200210
Xu, G., & Wang, Z. 2008. The impact of transformational leadership style on organizational performance: The intermediary effects of leader-member exchange. 2008 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering 15th Annual Conference Proceedings, 1090–1097. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-impact-of-transformational-leadership-style-on-Xu-Wang/62cd92f212f6cf6a34e0868b3269139ff544eae1
Yang, H. 2008. Efficiency wages and subjective performance pay. Economic Inquiry, 46(2), 179–196. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.2007.00069.x
Zainuri, M. H. 2021. Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja dan Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Tangerang. Jurnal Ekonomi Efektif, 3(2), 152–158. http://openjournal.unpam.ac.id/index.php/JEE/article/view/8732/5575
Zameer, H., Ali, S., Nisar, W., & Amir, M. 2014. The Impact of the Motivation on the Employee ’ s Perfor mance in Beverage Industry of Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 4(1), 293–298. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARAFMS/v4-i1/630
] Zehir, C., & Erdogan, E. 2011. The association between organizational silence and ethical leadership through employee performance. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 1389–1404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.09.054
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v7i2.425
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) Published by Master of Management Program, Faculty of Economics, Batanghari University |
